Sunday, April 22, 2007

Laughter


Laughter is an expression or appearance of merriment or amusement. Laughter is a sound that can be heard. It may ensue (as a physiological reaction) from jokes, tickling and other stimuli. Inhaling nitrous oxide can also induce laughter; other drugs, such as cannabis, can also induce episodes of strong laughter. Strong laughter can sometimes bring an onset of tears or even moderate muscular pain as a physical response to the act. Laughter can also be a response to physical touch, such as tickling, or even to moderate pain such as pressure on the ulnar nerve ("funny bone").
Laughing is found to lower blood pressure, reduce stress hormones, increase muscle flexion, and boost immune function by raising levels of infection-fighting T-cells, disease-fighting proteins called Gamma-interferon and B-cells, which produce disease-destroying antibodies. Laughter also triggers the release of endorphins, the body's natural painkillers, and produces a general sense of well-being.
Laughter is infectious. Hospitals around the country are incorporating formal and informal laughter therapy programs into their therapeutic regimens. In countries such as India, laughing clubs -- in which participants gather in the early morning for the sole purpose of laughing -- are becoming as popular as Rotary Clubs in the United States.
Humor is a universal language. It's a contagious emotion and a natural diversion. It brings other people in and breaks down barriers. Best of all it is free and has no known side reactions.
Psychologists say that there are 5 types of laughter.
The first type: cha cha (emphasizing „a“).It is very open, peaceful laugh.It can show naive, funny temper, excellent, careless mood, optimistic and positive attitude.
The second type: che che (emphasizing „e“). It is not very simpatico laugh, sometimes it can be insolent and jealous. However, if this sound „e“ is more open, it is more spiteful laugh and show hate.This laugh always create distance between people.
The third type, when laughing chi chi (emphasizing „i“).It is laugh, which doesn‘t relieve the state of human, and which run away.It is giggle to yourself. This laugh-the mixture of glee and irony, which hide not very good will.
The fourth type: cho cho (emphasizing „o“). This laugh sounds tall or can threat. Sometimes with note of wonder and doubt, sometimes with jeer and protest.
The fifth type: chu chu (emphasizing „u“). It is not a laugh, it is the sound of fear and cowardice.It can hide internal tension, and sometimes panic.
The first type is the healthiest laugh.It can convey joy and satisfaction, real and natural reaction to funny things. This laugh can be loud, silent, muted. It depends on individual temperament, vocal chords and situation.
Just a few generations ago happy healthy humans spent 20 minutes a day or more in laughter. Now adult daily laughtime is down to 5 minutes or less in many countries. This is one of the worst aspects of 'modern life'.

References:
http://www.helpguide.org/life/humor_laughter_health.htm#health
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laughter
Pictures from http://technorati.com/tag/laughter

Conflicts


Conflict is a state of opposition, disagreement or incompatibility between two or more people or groups of people, which is sometimes characterized by physical violence. Military conflict between states may constitute war.
There are some types of conflict: intrapersonal, interpersonal, emotional, group, organizational, community, intra-state (for example: civil wars, election campaigns),international, environmental resources, intersocietal, intra-societal, ideological, diplomatic, economic, military, religious-based (for example: Center For Reduction of Religious-Based Conflict) conflicts.
Causes of Conflict:
Structural Factors (How the company is set up)
*Specialization (The experts in fields)
*Interdependance (A company as a whole can't operate w/o other departments)
*Common Resources (Sharing the same secretary)
*Goal Differences (One person wants production to rise and others want communication to rise)
*Authority Relationships (The boss and employees beneath him/her)
*Status Inconsistencies
*Jurisdicational Ambiguities (Who can discipline who)
Personal Factors:
*Skills and Abilities
*Conflict management style
*Personalities
*Perception
*Values and Ethics
*Emotions
*Communication barriers
*Cultural Differences
Conflict resolution or conflictology is the process of attempting to resolve a dispute or a conflict. Successful conflict resolution occurs by listening to and providing opportunities to meet each side’s needs, and adequately address their interests so that they are each satisfied with the outcome. Conflict resolution aims to end conflicts before they start or lead to verbal, physical or legal fighting.
Conflict management refers to the long-term management of intractable conflicts. It is the label for the variety of ways by which people handle grievances -- standing up for what they consider to be right and against what they consider to be wrong. Those ways include such diverse phenomena as gossip, ridicule, lynching, terrorism, warfare, feuding, genocide, law, mediation, and avoidance. Which forms of conflict management will be used in any given situation can be somewhat predicted and explained by the social structure -- or social geometry -- of the case.
Conflict management is not the same as "conflict resolution." The latter -- conflict resolution -- refers to resolving the dispute to the approval of one or both parties, whereas the former -- conflict management -- concerns an ongoing process that may never have a resolution. For example, gossip and feuds are very common methods of conflict management, but neither entails resolution.
And there are some good advices how to work out conflicts fairly and peacefully:
1.STOP before you lose control of your temper and make the conflict worse.
2.SAY what you feel is the problem. What is causing the disagreement? What do you want
3.LISTEN to the other person‘s ideas and feelings.
4.THINK of solutions that will satisfy both of you.
5.If you still can‘t agree, ask someone else to help you work it out.

References:
http://www.managementhelp.org
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflict_management
http://www.etu.org.za/toolbox/docs/building/conflict.html
pictures from http://images.google.lt/images

Laziness


Laziness is the lack of desire to perform work or expend effort. It could be considered as an exaggeration of the natural instinct to get healthy, rest, and conserve energy. What behavior is considered laziness varies according to personal and societal standards.
Laziness is considered by some Christians to be one of the seven deadly sins, though it is called sloth on the list.Feelings of laziness may be a symptom of clinical depression.
The expression "intellectual laziness" is used to describe a tendency to not ask questions or investigate thoroughly, applying a kind of mental routine (availability heuristic) or just following the crowd (herd behavior).
Traditionally, laziness is taught as one of the obstacles to awakening. There are different kinds of laziness. First, there’s the laziness of comfort orientation, we just try to stay comfortable and cozy. Then there’s the laziness of loss of heart, a kind of deep discouragement, a feeling of giving up on ourselves, of hopelessness. There’s also the laziness of couldn’t care less. That’s when we harden into resignation and bitterness and just close down.
I suppose that lazy people may be getting the most out of life, but it's hard for me to imagine how. I can't imagine not having any drive or ambition to accomplish anything, and having the desire to engage only in passive activities, always being a spectator, never acting. Laziness, in many cases, leads to poor health, low self-esteem, lack of hope, and low self-confidence, among other things that I just don't see. It also robs a person of a sense of accomplishment, a sense of self-worth, and self-development. How are you going to learn anything or pick up a new skill or develop a talent if you're too lazy to get up and do something? So I think that lazy people don't have much success in their lives.
The key to dealing with laziness is taking action, and the key to taking action is finding the motivation to do so.
Laziness is nothing more than the habit of resting before you get tired. ~Jules Renard
Laziness travels so slowly, that Poverty soon overtakes him.
Franklin.
Laziness. Unwarranted repose of manner in a person of low degree. - Ambrose Bierce
Laziness grows on people; it begins in cobwebs and ends in iron chains. The more one has to do, the more he is able to accomplish. - Thomas Buxton
If a man will not work, he shall not eat. - Bible
I slip from workaholic to bum real easy. - Matthew Broderick
The sluggard does not plow after the season, so he begs during the harvest and has nothing. [Proverbs 20:4] - Bible
He also who is slack in his work is brother to him who destroys. [Proverbs 18:9] - Bible
Some men are so lazy they won't even feed themselves. - Bible

References:
http://www.livinglifefully.com/laziness.html
http://66.102.9.104/search?q=cache:wqG4sPervoEJ:www.answers.com/topic/laziness+laziness&hl=lt&ct=clnk&cd=33&gl=lt
http://overcominglaziness.com/